Self-knowledge
Atma-vidya

By Sri Ramana Maharshi
Translated by K. Swaminathan

A devotee once wrote on a slip of paper that Self-knowledge is the easiest thing, since one already is the Self, and handed it to Bhagavan, asking him to write a poem on the subject. Bhagavan responded with the following poem:

Refrain

Lo, very easy is Self-Knowledge,

Lo, very easy indeed.

Verse 1

Even for the most infirm

So real is the Self

That compared with it the amlak1

In one’s hand appears a mere illusion.

Verse 2

True, strong, fresh for ever stands

The Self. From this in truth spring forth

The phantom body and phantom world.

When this delusion is destroyed

And not a speck remains,

The Sun of Self shines bright and real

In the vast Heart-expanse.

Darkness dies, afflictions end,

And bliss wells up.

Verse 3

The thought ‘I am the body’ is the thread

On which are strung together various thoughts.

Questing within, enquiring ‘Who am I?

And whence this thought?’ all other thoughts

Vanish. And as I, as I within the Heart-cave

The Self shines of its own accord.

Such Self-awareness is the only Heaven,

This stillness, this abode of bliss.

Verse 4

Of what avail is knowing things

Other than the Self? And the Self being known,

What other thing is there to know?

That one light that shines as many selves,

Seeing this Self within

As Awareness’ lightning flash;

The play of Grace; the ego’s death;

The blossoming of bliss.

Verse 5

For loosening karma’s bonds and ending births,

This path is easier than all other paths.

Abide in stillness, without any stir

Of tongue, mind, body. And behold

The effulgence of the Self within;

The experience of Eternity; absence

Of all fear; the ocean vast of Bliss.

Verse 6

Annamalai the Self, the Eye

Behind the eye of mind which sees

The eye and all the other senses

Which know the sky and other elements,

The Being which contains, reveals, perceives

The inner sky that shines within the Heart.

When the mind free of thought turns inward,

Annamalai appears as my own Self.

True, Grace is needed; Love is added.

Bliss wells up.

Note

1 Gooseberry (this metaphor is used traditionally to explain anything which is obvious).

Reprinted from The Collected Works of Sri Ramana Maharshi, 9th edition, EPUB, last modified 2018, published by Sri Ramanasramam.

Krishnaswami Swaminathan (1896–1994) was a literary scholar who served for 25 years as chief editor of the Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi. Starting in 1940 he took Ramana Maharshi as his spiritual guide and visited him several times a year. For more information, see David Godman’s blog and Wikipedia.

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This page was first published on March 19, 2025 and last revised on March 21, 2025.

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